Small and completely enclaved by Republic of South Africa. Lesotho roughly translated to “the land of the people who speak Sesotho”. It is mostly mountainous, highlands plateaus, where many villages can be reached only on horseback, foot, or light aircraft. Resources can therefore be very scarce and limited agricultural space is available in the lowlands.

Most of the rainfall occurs between October and April each year, where temperatures in the lowlands reach as high as 32°C in the summer and plunge to -7°C in the winter. The highlands temperatures on the other hand is much wider, and readings below -18°C are not unusual. Frost occurs widely in winter when the Maloti Mountains are usually snowcapped.